| ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠡᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠳᠠ | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠤ | | | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ | ᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠪᠥᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠥᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠥᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1. ᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ | ᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ︽ | ᠥᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠥᠯᠳᠡᠢ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠺᠤᠳ᠋ᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ | ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 7000 ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠥ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠨ | ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ 5651 ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠥᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦ 200 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠷᠴᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠵᠥᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 19 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡᠤᠨᠬᠡᠭ — ᠡᠸᠥ᠋ᠷᠤᠫᠠ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭ᠂ ᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠂ | ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠯᠧ᠂ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠯᠲ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ 6 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ︶᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ — ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠪᠢᠷᠮᠠ᠂ ᠵᠤᠸᠠᠩ᠂ | ᠶᠤᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠁ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠳᠡᠨ 14 ᠳ᠋ᠥᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ︶᠂ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠩᠭᠦᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ 3 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ︶᠂ ᠱᠠᠨᠮᠥ᠋ᠲ — ᠬᠠᠮᠢ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠠᠷᠠᠪ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠾᠢᠪᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ︶᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠷᠠᠸᠧᠢᠳᠠ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠷᠢ ᠯᠠᠨᠺᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ︶᠂ ᠢᠪᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠ — ᠺᠠᠥᠺᠠᠽ | ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠢᠪᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠤᠺᠠᠽ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ︶᠂ ᠥᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠹᠢᠨᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢ᠂ ᠡᠸ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠥ᠋ᠨᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠸᠢᠶᠠ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ︶᠂ ᠨᠧᠭᠧᠷ — ᠺᠤᠩᠭᠤ᠋ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠰᠠᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ︶᠂ ᠨᠢᠯ — ᠰᠠᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠶᠧᠵᠢᠫᠲ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ︶᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠰᠺᠢᠮᠥ᠋ — ᠠᠯᠢᠤᠱᠧᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠯᠢᠦᠱᠧᠨ ᠤᠯᠳᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢᠴᠤᠳ︶᠂ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠫᠠᠰᠺᠠ — ᠠᠷᠭᠤᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ | ᠤᠨ ᠢᠨᠳᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠰ︶᠂ ᠮᠠᠶᠠ — ᠢᠨᠺᠠ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠮᠧᠺᠰᠢᠺᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ︶᠂ | ᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠭᠤᠨᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ︶᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠢ — ᠫᠤᠯᠢᠨᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠢᠪ | ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠯᠳᠤᠷᠢᠭ︶᠂ ᠺᠧᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠠᠨᠨᠢ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠺᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠢᠪᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠽᠠᠨᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ︶᠂ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠳᠤ | ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ︵ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠥᠨᠨᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ︶ ᠁ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ︵ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ︶᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ | 2. ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠪᠡᠯ ︽ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ | ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠮᠥᠨ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ | ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠂ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠱᠠᠳᠤ ᠥᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠠ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ | ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠧᠵᠢᠫᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠥᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠢᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ | ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠥᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠥᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ | ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ︔ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ︔ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠰᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠥᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠥᠵᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠥᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ | 1. ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ | ︵1︶ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ | ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠩᠭᠦᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠄ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠺᠥ᠋ᠲ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠸᠠ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠥᠽᠪᠢᠺ᠂ ᠺᠷᠥ᠋ᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠺ᠂ ᠶᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠸᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠬᠢᠰ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠺᠮᠧᠨ᠂ ᠠᠽᠧᠷᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠨ ᠁ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠄ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠥᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ᠂ ᠪᠤᠤ ᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯ ︵ | ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠷᠠ︶ ᠁ | ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠩᠭᠦᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠄ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ︵1636 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ︶᠂ ᠡᠸᠡᠩᠬᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠾᠧᠵᠧ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠤᠨ ᠁ | ︵2︶ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ᠄ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︵ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ︵7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ | ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠩ︶︔ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ︾ ︵13 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠭᠡ᠂ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ︶︔ ︽ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ︾ ︵14 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠠᠳ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨ︶︶ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠥᠰ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠷᠬᠢᠰᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ︵840 ᠤᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠰ | ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠥᠴᠥᠷᠭᠡᠭᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ | ᠢ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠷ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠳᠡᠢ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠥᠴᠥᠷᠭᠡᠭᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠰ ᠬᠤᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 13 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ︵ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ᠂ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠧᠩ ᠡᠤ ᠱᠢᠸᠧᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃︶ | ︵3︶ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ᠄ | ᠤᠵᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠥᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ | ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠳ ︵ᠥᠬᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠪᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤᠳ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠨᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠪᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠢᠶᠥ᠋ᠷᠺ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠥᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 7 — 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠳ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠬᠢᠰ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠢᠶᠥ᠋ᠷᠺᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ — 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠰᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ — 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠤ 1921 ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ | ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 2. ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠳᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ | ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠥᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ᠄ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ | ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠯ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤᠷᠭᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠬᠢᠶᠡᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠄ | ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡ 30 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠥᠮᠧᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠢᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠃ ︵楔形文字︶ | ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠯᠧᠪᠠᠨᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠢᠨᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠢᠨᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠃ ︵腓尼基字母︶ | ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠾᠠᠮᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠃（亚兰文） | ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠾᠠᠮᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠃（婆罗米文） | | 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠃（粟特文） | 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠃（回鹘文） | 1204 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠃（回鹘式蒙古文） | 1648 — 1749 ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠃ ︵胡都木蒙古文 | ︶ | ︵2︶ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ᠄ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠥᠰ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 13 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︵ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ︶ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︽ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠮ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠠᠢ | ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠶᠡᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠾᠠᠮᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ︵ᠭᠥᠭᠡ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ — ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠥᠢᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ | ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ︵ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ︶ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ | ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠥᠰᠢᠶᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ 1400 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ | ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠰᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃︶ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠭᠥᠷᠥᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1204 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠳᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠵᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ | ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠳ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠥ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︶ | 1245 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︽ᠠᠷᠠᠪ — ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 13 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠵᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠥᠩᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠽᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ | ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠮᠡ ᠡᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ 44 ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ︵ᠥᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ︶ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ︽ | ᠵᠢᠷᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ︵ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠳᠤ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢ︶ | 1260 — 1269 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ 41 ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | | 1305 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠥᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠠ | ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠄① ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ︔② ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ | ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︵ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ︶︔③ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 115 ᠥᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︵ᠫᠠ᠊ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠱᠠ᠊ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠩ᠊ ᠩ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ︶︔ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︵ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ | ︔ ᠵᠥᠭ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠠ︔ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠥᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ︔ ᠥᠭᠭᠦ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠷ︔ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠤ︔ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠷᠠ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ︶︔ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠥ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠤᠨᠳᠤᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠵᠠᠢ ︵ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠤᠳ | ᠂ ᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ | ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠠᠢ︶︔ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ︔ ︵ᠴᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠤ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ 1740 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ | ᠷᠠᠪᠵᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠽᠢᠨᠳᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠴᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ︾ ᠪᠠ 1748 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠭᠥᠳᠰᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ︵ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠵᠠᠮᠰᠤ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃︶ | 1587 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠰᠢ ︽ᠭᠥᠥᠰᠢ︾ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ | ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ᠺᠠ᠊᠂ ᠹᠠ᠊᠂ | ᠼᠠ᠊᠂ ᠽᠠ᠊᠂ ᠾᠠ᠊᠂ ᠰᠧ ᠂ ᡂᠢ᠂ ᡁᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ︶ | 1599 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠤᠷᠬᠠᠴᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1633 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠯ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠦ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠥᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠤᠯ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1648 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠽᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠬᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠮᠰᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠨ᠂ | ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠢ | ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠦ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ | ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ | ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ︵1924 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ︶ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1686 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠢᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠮᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠽᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠨᠵᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠩᠪᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠤ 200 ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠰᠥᠮᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠳ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠥᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1708 —1717 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ︽ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠥᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ︵ᠡᠩᠭᠡ | ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠷᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠳᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠪᠢᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠩᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠷᠨᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ︽ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ | ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠳᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠴᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠳ | ᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳ︾ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦ ︽ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠶᠡ︾ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃︶ | 1741 —1742 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︽ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ︾ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ︵ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ︽ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠶᠡ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠡᠷ︾ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠃︶ | 1780 — 1797 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠭᠥᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠹᠥ᠋ | ᠵᠢᠶᠥ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ | ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠪᠡ᠃ ︵ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠯᠥᠭ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ︿᠊ᠸ᠋᠊﹀ ᠶᠢ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ︶ | 1828 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ | ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ︽ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄① ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ︔② ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠤ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ︔③ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ | ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ︔④ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠰᠡᠯᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ᠂ | ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ︔⑤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ | ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠵᠤᠮ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ | ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠡᠳᠥᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠤ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ | ᠤᠳᠬᠠ᠂ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠯᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃︶ | 1832 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠱᠮᠢᠲ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 19 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠴᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠥᠵᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1907 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠠᠭᠸᠠᠩᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠬᠢᠨᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ︵ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠠᠭᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠤᠷᠵᠢᠶ᠋ᠸᠧ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠪᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠵᠢ᠂ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ᠃ 1853 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ | ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 14 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ 1876 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠥᠮᠪᠦᠮ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ | ᠯᠾᠠᠷᠠᠮᠪᠠ ᠴᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠥᠴᠥᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢ | ᠥᠭᠡᠢ 1900 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ1915 ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠠᠨᠲ ᠫᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ 1905 | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ︾ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠥᠥ | ᠠᠭᠸᠠᠩᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ 1937 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠱᠤᠷᠤᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠸᠠᠬᠢᠨᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠭᠸᠠᠩᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠤᠬᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠵᠢᠬᠢᠷᠢᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃︶ | 1912 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠱᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠩ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ︽ᠡᠯ︾ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1919 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1930 ᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠥᠷ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭᠴᠤᠳ 1938 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠯᠠᠸ᠋ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ︾ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠯᠠᠸ᠋ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | 1941 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ 1946 ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠷᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠺᠷᠢᠯ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1932 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ | ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠥᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | 1953 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1975 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠥ᠋ᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤᠨᠢᠩ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ | ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ | ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1989 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ 1999 ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ︽ᠨᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠡ | ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 2020 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠥᠰ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ | ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ︵2020 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥ᠋ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠡᠴᠥᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠡᠴᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ 120 ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ | ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃︶ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ | ︵ᠨᠢᠭᠡ︶ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ | ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠷᠤ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠡ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠥᠭᠡᠳᠤ | ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ | ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤᠷᠭᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠥᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ | ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ︵ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ︶ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠶᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | 1. ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ 7 ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ 36 ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ︿ᠤ﹀ | ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ︿ᠥ﹀ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ︵ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ︶ | 2. ᠬᠤᠤᠰ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ 7 ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ᠄ ︵ᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ︶︔ ︵ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠢ︶︔ ︵ | ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ︶︔ ︵ᠤᠶᠢᠳᠬᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠢ︶︔ ︵ᠥᠢᠯᠡ᠂ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠥᠢ︶︔ ︵ᠠᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠤ︶︔ ︵ᠤᠳᠥᠭᠦ᠂ | ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠤ︶ | 3. ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ 4 ᠵᠥᠢᠯ᠄ ︵ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠢᠬᠤ︔ ᠨᠤᠤᠰᠤ︔ ᠤᠤᠯ︔ ᠬᠥᠯᠴᠤᠭᠦᠥ︶ | 4. ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ 15 ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ︵ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠪ᠊᠂ ᠬ᠊ ︵ᠭ᠊︶᠂ ᠬ᠋᠊ ︵ᠭ᠊︶᠂ ᠮ᠊᠂ ᠯ᠊᠂ ᠰ᠊᠂ ᠱ᠊᠂ ᠲ᠊᠂ ᠲ᠊ ︵ᠳ᠋᠊︶᠂ ᠴ᠊᠂ ᠵ᠊᠂ ᠶ᠊᠂ ᠷ᠊᠂ | ᠩ᠊ ︵ᠨ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ︶︶ | 5. ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ 11 ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ︵ᠫ᠊᠂ ᠹ᠊᠂ ᠺ᠊᠂ ᠸ᠊᠂ ᠽ᠊᠂ ᠼ᠊᠂ ᠾ᠊᠂ ᠯᠾ᠊᠂ ᡁᠢ᠂ ᡂᠢ᠂ ᠱᠢ᠂ ᠿᠢ︶ | ︵ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ︶ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ | ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠥᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 1. ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠄ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠯᠥᠭ | ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ︽ᠠᠪ᠂ ᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠮ᠂ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠁ ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠃ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ | ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | 2. ᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠡᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠪᠥᠷᠢ | ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ | ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ︽ᠢᠳᠡ︾ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠶᠡ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠁︾ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ | ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ | ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠬᠤᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯᠳᠥᠭᠦᠯᠥᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ᠂ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠦ | ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | 3. ᠲᠡᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠄ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ | ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ | ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪ᠃ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠯᠥᠭ | ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ︽ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠡᠵᠢ᠂ ᠨᠤᠤᠰᠤ᠂ | ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ᠂ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠁︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ | ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ | ︵ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡ︶ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | 1. ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | ︵1︶ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ︿ᠠ᠂ ᠤ᠂ ᠣ﹀ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ︿ᠡ᠂ ᠥ᠂ ᠥ﹀ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠥᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠳᠬᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ︵ᠭᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ︶ | ︵2︶ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ᠄ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠷ | ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ︔ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ︵ | ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ︶ | ︵3︶ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ᠄ ᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠥᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | 2. ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | ︵1︶ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ︿ᠲ᠊᠂ ᠴ᠊﹀ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ︿ ᠳ᠋᠊᠂ ᠵ᠊﹀ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ︵3︶ ︿ᠷᠠ᠂ ᠷᠢ﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ︿ᠷ᠊᠂ ᠷᠠ᠊﹀ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ︿ ᠷ᠊﹀ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ︿ᠯ᠊﹀ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠤᠨᠳᠤᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵4︶ ︿ ᠨ﹀ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ︿ᠬ᠊᠂ ᠬ᠋᠊᠂ ᠨ᠊﹀ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠨᠢ ︿ᠩ᠊﹀ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠵᠢᠯᠢᠰᠢᠭᠦ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠯᠥᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ | ᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ︶ | ︵ᠲᠠᠪᠤ︶ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ | ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠬᠢᠷᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠢ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | 1. ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ︿ᠤ 5᠂ ᠥ7﹀᠄ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠄ ︿ᠨ᠂ ᠪ ᠂ ᠤᠨ᠂ ᠰ᠂ ᠷ᠂ ᠯ﹀ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ | ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵︽ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ︾︶ | ︵2︶ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠄ ︿ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠮ᠊᠂ ᠬ᠋᠊᠂ ᠶ᠊᠂ ᠱ᠊᠂ ᠷ᠊᠂ ᠯ᠊﹀ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯᠠᠶᠠ︶ | ︵3︶ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ᠄ ︿ᠪ᠊᠂ ᠬ᠊᠂ ᠲ᠊᠂ ᠴᠠ᠂ ᠰ᠊᠂ ᠳ᠋᠊᠂ ᠵ᠊﹀ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ | ︿ᠬ᠋᠊﹀ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ︵ᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ︶ | 2. ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ | ︵1︶ ︿ᠥᠭ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ︿ᠭᠦ gu﹀ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ | ︿ᠥᠭᠦ﹀ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ︵2︶ ︿ᠠᠪ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪ᠂ ᠵᠢᠪ﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠰᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ︿ᠪᠠ᠊ ba be﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︿ᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠤ﹀ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ︿ᠤ᠂ ᠥ﹀ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ︶ | ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ | 1. ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ | ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠬᠢᠷᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠵᠥᠢᠯᠡᠰ ︵ᠵᠥᠢᠯ + ᠰ︶᠂ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠦᠳ ︵ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭ + ᠤᠨ︶᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠤ ︵ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ + ᠷᠠᠬᠠ + ᠭᠤ︶ | ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | 2. ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠦ ︿ᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠢ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠭ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢ | ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢ ︵ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡ + ᠭᠡᠢ︶᠂ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ︵ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠ + ᠬᠠᠢ︶᠂ ᠡᠮᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢ ︵ᠡᠮᠳᠡᠷᠡ + ᠬᠡᠢ︶ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ︿ ᠤᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠡ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠷᠭᠡ ᠷᠬᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠ᠂ ᠷᠡ᠂ ᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠪᠴᠢ᠂ ᠯᠠ᠂ | ᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠭᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷ﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠵᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠁ | ︵3︶ ︿ᠯ᠂ ᠷ᠂ ᠭ᠌᠂ ᠭ﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ︿ ᠤᠨ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠷᠬᠠ﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠭ | ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ︿ ᠤᠨ﹀ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠳ᠂ ᠲᠥᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠭᠥᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠤᠮᠤᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠳ | ᠁ | ︵4︶ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ︿ ᠢ᠂ ᠤ﹀ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠥᠰ | ᠤᠨ ︿ ᠢ᠂ ᠤ﹀ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠤᠬᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠥᠵᠥᠭᠦᠪᠴᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠁ | ︵ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠭᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤ ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ᠂ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠵᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠶᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤᠨᠰᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠢ ᠁ ︵ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ︶᠃ | ︵ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ︶ ︿ᠥᠭᠡᠢ﹀ ᠪᠠ ︿ᠬᠢᠭᠦ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | 1.︿ᠥᠭᠡᠢ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠋ᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠪᠥᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠭᠦᠢ ᠁ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | 2. ︿ᠬᠢᠭᠦ﹀ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠮᠤᠰᠬᠢᠭᠦ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠢᠭᠦ᠂ ᠰᠥᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠢᠭᠦ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠩ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠦ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠩ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠦ ᠁ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ︵ᠶᠢᠰᠥ︶ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | 1. ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ᠶᠡᠷᠥ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ︿ᠭᠡᠨ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ︖﹀ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | 2. ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠡᠨ ᠤ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ︖ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ︖ ᠭᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ︖﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ ︿ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ︿ ᠶᠢᠨ﹀ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ︔ ︿ ᠤᠨ﹀ ᠢ ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ︔ ︿ ᠤ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ︵ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃︶ | 3. ᠥᠭᠭᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ︖ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ︖ ᠭᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ︖ | ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ︖﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ ︿ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ︿ ᠳᠤ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ | ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ︔ ︿ ᠲᠤ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︿ ᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷ﹀ ᠪᠠ ︿ᠡ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ︿ ᠊ᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠷ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠁ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | 4. ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠡᠨ ᠢ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ︖﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠤᠳᠤ ︿ ᠶᠢ᠂ ᠢ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ︿ ᠶᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ︔ ︿ ᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︿ ᠤ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︽ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢ︾ ᠳᠤ᠄ ︿ | ᠬᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ︵ ᠢ︶ ᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠪᠠ﹀ ᠬᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ︿ᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠯ | ᠲᠤᠬᠤᠪᠠ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤᠷᠭᠦ ᠲᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠥᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠃ | 5. ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ︖ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷ︖ ᠬᠡᠳᠥᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ︖﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ | ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ ︿ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ︿ ᠪᠠᠷ﹀ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ︔ ︿ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ﹀ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠷ ︿ᠭᠠ﹀ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠁ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ︿ ᠪᠠᠷ﹀ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ︿ ᠪᠠᠷ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠶᠠ᠄ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︿ ᠪᠠᠷ﹀ ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ︿ᠪᠢᠪᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠼᠤᠤ ᠼᠤᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠁﹀︔ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠭᠥᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ︿ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠁﹀᠃ | 6. ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ︖ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ︖ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠠᠴᠠ︖﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ ︿ ᠠᠴᠠ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷᠪᠡ | ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︿ᠴᠠ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠶᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠠᠴᠠ﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︿ ᠊ᠰᠠ﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︿ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ︵ | ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ︵ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ︶ ᠠᠴᠠ︶᠂ ᠤᠷᠲ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠰᠠ ᠁﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ︿ᠠᠰ᠂ ᠡᠰ﹀ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | 7. ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ︖ ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ | ︿ ᠲᠠᠢ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷᠪᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ︿ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ︿ ᠲᠠᠢ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ︿ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ﹀ ᠲᠡᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ | ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠥᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ※ 8. ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠡᠨ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ︖ ﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ︿ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ︿ᠯᠠ la﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ︔ ︿ | ᠯᠦᠭᠡ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ︿ᠯᠡ le﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ※ 9. ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ︖﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ︿ᠷᠡ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︿ᠱᠠᠬᠢᠮᠥᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ︵ | ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ︶ ᠠᠳᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠁ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠ ︵ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ︶ ᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡᠢ︔ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠠ ︵ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ︶ ᠁ ᠵᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠷᠠ | ᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠁﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ※ 10. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠰᠢ︖ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠰᠢ︖﹀ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ︽ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ︾ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠳᠥᠭᠦᠯᠥᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ︔ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ | ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ︿ᠯᠤ᠋ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠯᠥ᠋﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ※ 11. ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠥᠭᠡᠰ ︿ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠬᠢ︖﹀ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ | ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ︿ ᠶᠢ᠂ ᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠴᠢ︖ ᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢ | ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵ᠠᠷᠪᠠ︶ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | 1. ᠨᠠᠷ — ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ᠃ | 2. ᠴᠤᠳ᠂ ᠴᠤᠤᠯ — ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ︿ᠯ | ᠂ ᠨ﹀ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ᠃ | 3. ᠤᠨ — ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ︿ᠨ᠂ ᠷ᠂ ᠯ﹀ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | 4. ᠰ — ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ︿ ᠠᠶᠢ᠊ ai﹀ ᠬᠤᠤᠰ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠤᠰ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠨᠡ᠃ | | 5. ᠤᠳ — ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠥᠶᠡᠰ ︿ᠭᠠ﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | 6. ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ — ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ︿ᠨ﹀ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠥᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ︿ᠶ᠊᠂ ᠸ᠊﹀ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ | ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ※ 7. ᠲᠠᠨ — ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ︵ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ︶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ︔ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ︵ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ︶ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠯᠢᠤ ᠪᠸᠢ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠰᠥᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ | ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ※ 8. ᠨ — ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠭᠥᠷᠥᠭᠡᠰᠥ — | ᠭᠥᠷᠥᠭᠡᠰᠥᠨ︔ ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤ — ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ※ 9. ︿ᠰ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠢ᠄ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠠᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠁ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠭᠴᠠᠰ ᠁ | ᠥᠵᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨᠢᠰ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ※ 10. ︿ ᠤᠨ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠭᠡᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠥᠵᠡ︕ | ︵ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ︶ ᠶᠡᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | ︵1︶ ᠪᠠᠨ — ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ — ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ︵ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ︶ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠥᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ — ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠮᠢᠨᠤ ︵ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨᠤ ︵ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ︶᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ︿ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ﹀ ᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ︿ᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨᠤ﹀ | ᠤᠷᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠴᠢᠨᠢ — ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠴᠢᠨᠤ ︵ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠤ ︵ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ︶᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ︿ᠴᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠢ﹀ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠨᠢ — ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠢᠨᠥ ︵ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠨᠤ ︵ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ︶᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ︿ ᠨᠢ﹀ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ︵ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ︶ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠳ᠄ ᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠶᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠦᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠂ ᠯᠤᠭᠠᠪᠠᠨ᠂ | ᠯᠤᠭᠡᠪᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠁ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ | ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡ︶ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ︿ ᠲᠠᠢ﹀ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ︿ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | 1. ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ︿ ᠲᠠᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠋ᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠠᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ᠃ | 2. ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ︿ ᠲᠠᠢ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠ︔ | ᠫᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠪᠡ︔ ᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | 3. ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠦ ︿ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠡ︔ ᠵᠠᠩᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠥᠭᠡᠨ︔ ᠬᠥᠪᠥᠩᠳᠡᠢ | ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ︔ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ※ ᠵᠥᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ — ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ — ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ︔ ᠨᠠᠶᠠ — ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡ — ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠢ︔ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ — ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ — | ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 4. ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︿ ᠲᠠᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ︿ ᠲᠠᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢ ︿ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠢ﹀ | ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ︔ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | 5. ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ︿ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ﹀ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠩᠭᠢ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ︔ ᠤᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ︔ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ | ︵ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ︶ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ︵ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ︶ | 1. ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ → ᠠᠶᠤᠬᠤ︔ ᠥᠥᠷ → ᠥᠷ᠂ ᠨᠤᠯᠤᠤᠷ → ᠨᠤᠤᠯᠤᠭᠤᠷ ︵ᠨᠤᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ︶ | 2. ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ → ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠤᠷᠬᠤ︔ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ → ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ | 3. ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤᠳᠤᠷ → ᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤᠪᠳᠤᠷ︔ ᠤᠤᠶᠤ᠂ ᠤᠭᠶᠤ → ᠤᠭ᠍ᠶᠤ︔ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢ → ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢ | 4. ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠨ → ᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠪᠠᠷᠠ → ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠪᠠᠷᠠ | 5. ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠤᠯᠤᠤᠷ → ᠨᠤᠤᠯᠤᠭᠤᠷ | 6. ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠤᠩᠰᠠᠳ᠂ ᠤᠮᠰᠠᠳ → ᠤᠮᠵᠠᠳ | 7. ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ︾ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠡᠷᠡᠨ → ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ︔ ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼ → ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼᠢ | 8. ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠡᠷᠯᠢᠵᠠ → ᠡᠷᠯᠢᠰᠠ ︔ ᠰᠠᠮᠫᠧᠯ → ᠰᠠᠮᠫᠢᠯ | 9. ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠴᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠤ᠋ → ᠴᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠱᠯᠥ᠋ᠺ → ᠰᠢᠯᠥᠭ | 10. ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠬᠠᠭᠵᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠵᠠ → ᠬᠠᠨᠵᠠ | 11. ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠡᠩ + ᠯᠡ᠊ + ᠭᠡ = ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ︔ | 12. ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠭᠠᠰᠠᠯ + ᠩ = ᠭᠠᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩ︔ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠷ + ᠭᠦ᠋ᠷ = ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠷᠥᠭᠦᠯ | 13. ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠤᠬᠠᠳ᠂ ᠭᠥᠮᠥᠰ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ | 14. ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠭᠠ → ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠡᠮᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ → ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ︔ ᠪᠠᠷᠢ + ᠭᠤᠷ = ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ | 15. ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠢᠵᠡᠭᠡᠷ → ᠨᠢᠵᠢᠬᠢᠷ | 16. ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡᠭᠦ → ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠦ︔ ᠨᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ → ᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ | 17. ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠵᠤᠷ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠵᠤᠤᠷ → ᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ | 18. ᠲᠥᠷᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠢᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ → ᠢᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ︔ ᠨᠢᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠯᠮᠤᠬᠤ︔ ᠢᠵᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ︔ ᠠᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ | 19. ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠴᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠴᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ → ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ | |